These tools will provide indications of test case failures or runtime errors, but without debugging skills, students often become frustrated when they don t know where to start. (GENERAL AUDIENCE ABSTRACT) Automated grading systems provide feedback to computer science students in a variety of ways, but often focus on incorrect program behaviors. Finally, we suggest several directions for future enhancements to the feedback interface.ģ Turning Up the Heat!: Using Fault-Localizing Heat Maps to Help Students Improve Their Code Kenneth R. We also evaluated the performance of two semesters of students and discovered that having the heat maps led to more frequent incremental improvements in their code, as well as reaching their highest correctness score on instructor-provided tests more quickly than students that did not have access to the heat maps. After using this tool suite in the Fall 2017 semester, we surveyed the students about their perceptions of the utility of the visualization for helping them understand how to find and correct the defects in their code, versus not having access to the heat map. Additionally, we developed a heat map visualization to show the results of the SFL evaluation in context to the student s source code. We then developed an automated process to apply the GZoltar SFL analysis to student submissions in the Web-CAT automated grading system. A manual inspection of the student code demonstrated that the SFL technique identifies the defective method in the first three most suspicious methods in the student s code 90% of the time. Using the GZoltar toolset, we applied this technique to a set of previously-submitted student assignments gathered from students in our introductory CS course. Drawing on the experiences of the software engineering community, we apply a technique called statistical fault location (SFL) to student program assignments. (ABSTRACT) Automated grading systems provide feedback to computer science students in a variety of ways, but often focus on incorrect program behaviors. Edmison, Jr.Ģ Turning Up the Heat!: Using Fault-Localizing Heat Maps to Help Students Improve Their Code Kenneth R. Pérez-Quiñones Na Meng Francisco Servant Rui Abreu NovemBlacksburg, Virginia Keywords: Computer Science Education, Spectrum-based Fault Localization, Adaptive Feedback, Heat Map, Visualization, Debugging Copyright 2019, Kenneth R. Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Computer Science and Applications Stephen H. 1 Turning Up the Heat!: Using Fault-Localizing Heat Maps to Help Students Improve Their Code Kenneth R.
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Some examples of regular expression filters are shown below: # always include sqlite databases If a match is not found, the path will be excluded if all patterns are include patterns, but included otherwise. If a match with an exclude pattern is found, the path is said to be excluded without further comparison. If a match with an include pattern is found, the path is said to be included without further comparisons. Therefore, the order of the patterns is significant. When matching a path against a list of patterns, the path is compared with the part after “i:” or “e:” one pattern at a time. Regular expression syntax is the same general syntax used by Perl, Python, and other languages.įull details for the supported regular expression syntax and features are available here. The part of the filter after the include/exclude prefix must be a valid regular expression. To include files in a directory and exclude its subdirectories: -folder/*/*Īn include pattern starts with “i:”, and exclude pattern starts with “e:”. To include a directory while excluding all files under that directory, use these patterns: +cache/ The following pattern list includes only files under the directory foo/ but not files under the subdirectory foo/bar: -foo/bar/ Here is the correct way to include foo as well: +foo/bar/* So, we have to make sure foo/ is included first, before the wildcard excludes it. It also excludes all other top-level directories, producing an empty backup. That means that it never goes to the second level into foo/, and therefore never sees a match for foo/bar/. So when duplicacy examines the first level of the file tree for matches and exclusions, it excludes foo/ and everything underneath. This makes the search much more efficient, but can produce confusion about the order an interpretation of filter rules.įor instance, the following pattern list doesn’t do what is intended, since the foo directory will be excluded so the foo/bar will never be visited: +foo/bar/* This is because duplicacy considers all matches and exclusions at each level in the file tree before descending into the next level (a “breadth first” search for matches). Therefore, to include a subdirectory, all parent directories must be explicitly included. When a directory is excluded, all files and subdirectories under it will also be excluded. Patterns ending with “*” and “?”, however, apply to both directories and files. Patterns ending with a “/” apply to directories only, and patterns not ending with a “/” apply to files only. When matching a path against a list of patterns, the path is compared with the part after “+” or “-”, one pattern at a time. Note that both “*” and “?” will match any character including the path separator “/”. Patterns may contain wildcard characters “*” which matches a path string of any length, and “?” matchesĪ single character. Wildcard MatchingĪn include pattern starts with “+”, and an exclude pattern starts with “-”. The path separator is always a “/”, even on Windows. As the upmost folder on Windows is a drive, this means drive letters are not part of the path of a pattern. You may use one method exclusively or you may combine them as you deem necessary.Īll paths are relative to the repository (the folder you execute duplicacy from), without a leading “/”. For the restore command, the include/exclude patterns are specified as the command line arguments.ĭuplicacy offers two different methods for providing include/exclude filters, wildcard matching and regular expression matching. For the backup command, the include/exclude patterns are read from a file named filters under the. The easy-to-use interface makes it easy for users to learn about how to use this PDF converter. The Foxit Phantom PDF Converter is t allows the users to annotate, edit and convert the PDFs into multiple formats. If you are hunting for the best PDF converter software for Mac that supports multiple languages, look no further than Foxit Phantom PDF Converter. Not support converting PDF to Excel or Word.Convert PDF to Image file format with ease.For instance, it can even help you digitally sign documents and edit hyperlinks in PDFs. It may seem to be a basic tool, but it has multiple unique features embedded in it. With this software, you can also view and edit images in addition to PDF files. Preview is an in-built Mac application that can easily help you convert PDF to JPG, convert EPS to PDF, or deal with other conversion tasks. Those 3 converters below may be the best choices for you. Top 3 Best PDF Converter Software for Macįor Mac users, there are also many wonderful PDF converters you can use. Allow users to convert PDF to JPG, PNG, Word, PowerPoint, and more.With high-grade features, this excellent PDF converting software for Windows allows the users to annotate, edit, share and comment on the PDF files. The Foxit PhantomPDF Standard also allows you to create PDF files from the blank files, ODF portfolios, PowerPoint, etc. This outstanding PDF converting software allows you to easily convert PDF to Word, HTML, Image, and any other format. Allow users to protect the security of sensitive materialsĪnother PDF converter software in the list compatible with Windows 7 and Windows 10 is the Foxit PhantomPDF Standard.Offers free functionality to read PDF files with simulated page flipping.Support converting PDF to Excel, Word, and more.Allow users to collect and send legally binding e-signatures.With this best PDF converter for Windows 7/10, you can quickly convert PDFs by protecting sensitive materials' security with a 256-bit AES password. This PDF converter software allows you to create PDFs from any files easily, and then it further allows you to convert the PDFs back into the specified file formats like Excel, Word, etc. It is a comparatively low-cost alternative to Adobe Acrobat. Soda PDF allows users to access its unique features from wherever they are on any device. A bit complicated interface that could be challenging for beginners.Support converting PDF to JPG, Word, Excel, and more.Easy to make changes on PDF after conversion.Support fast and easy conversion of PDFs.This is the most inexpensive and affordable option on the list and comes with many unique features. The best part about this PDF converting software is that whenever you convert scans or images in Adobe Acrobat, the original formatting also gets converted with no time wastage in making the necessary adjustments. With its help, you can easily change PDF to or from other files, like convert PRN to PDF, convert VCE to PDF, convert PDF to PDF/A, etc. It can help you deal with almost any PDF-related tasks effortlessly, including format conversion. Adobe Acrobat PDF ConverterĪnother free PDF conversion software for Windows is Adobe Acrobat. Read also: Convert PDF to JPG Windows 10 2. Converting them into PDF format ensures that the data in these files cannot be changed easily. In addition to that, Excel and PPT documents can serve as the source files of the conversion. It enables you to convert PDF to a picture or helps you obtain a PDF file by converting from documents in other formats.įor instance, this converter allows you to convert Word document to PDF so that you don't need to worry about if someone will change the contents of your Word documents. EaseUS PDF EditorĪs one of the best PDF conversion software, EaseUS PDF Editor supports many frequently-used formats like JPG, PNG, TXT, etc. We will introduce the top 3 PDF converters for Windows 10 in detail, and you can choose the most suitable tool according to your needs. There are plenty of converters that you can use on a Windows PC, and each of them has its own features. Built with OCR technology that will be helpful to make scanned images editable.Ensure there will be no quality loss after conversion. Support a wide range of formats, like Micorosft Documents, images, ebooks, etc.So, in the following, we list some important features for reference: If you are new to PDF conversion software, you'd better make sure that what a great PDF converter should process. Tips for Selecting Best PDF Conversion Software: It’s easy to use, mess-free and gives exceptional protection against UV rays. It can be used on its own or only for reapplications. Overall, this sunscreen is an excellent product. The types that leave little to no white cast because if you glide the stick over something like the Allie UV Gel, you may end up with white streaks on your face. Speaking of sunscreens with minerals, I would recommend pairing this stick, if you don’t use this sunscreen as your primary product, with translucent sunscreens. I think I would like Anessa sunscreens if they didn’t include powders or minerals in them, unfortunately, there aren’t any like that. Also, this product doesn’t grease up my sunglasses much, which happens with many sunscreens this one truly clings to the skin. Unless the sweat flows from my hairline so it will just slide down on the sunscreen without removing it. It just sits on my face like morning dew on the grass. However, unlike the Anessa sunscreen, this product doesn’t contain minerals or starchy powders, so there is nothing to turn my sweat into drops of white paint. The stick reminds me of the Anessa sunscreen in one aspect, more precisely, its film-forming technology, which traps sweat underneath the product. The only issue I’ve got with it is that it makes my skin reddish, I don’t know if it’s the filters or the fragrance components, but my skin flushes when I apply this sunscreen. One of my worries when I was getting the product, was that it might be troublesome due to the mineral oil in its base. Even though it has a large shape, it reaches any corner of my face. I can glide this stick on any surface, even in the corners of my eyes or nose. It makes the process of reapplication so effortless and without any mess. Honestly, this stick is such a time-saver. I mean, any finely milled powder would fare similarly with this sunscreen, so I definitely recommend following up with powder. After absorbing the powder, the sunscreen doesn’t look too shiny. This year I am testing the Kokuryudo Privacy UV Face Powder, which changes the finish of the sunscreen to more matt. It is a mineral oil-based sunscreen, it is shiny on the skin, but it works wonderfully well with mattifying powders. I do about twenty swipes per every zone of my face, and the amount used doesn’t much influence the finish on the skin. It feels like a stick of warm butter cocooning the skin and coating it with a shiny layer that can prevent UV damage, which makes me want to apply it infinitely. There’s something gratifying about smothering skin with this sunscreen. The formula includes fragrance, but the sunscreen doesn’t have an overwhelming scent it’s pretty pleasant.īefore buying the sunscreen, I’d thought that I wouldn’t have liked it because of the mineral oil, but it grew on me with use. And, the SynchroShield technology, also found in Anessa sunscreens, creates a protective film reinforced when the sunscreen comes in contact with heat, water or perspiration. The product also features the Profense CEL complex consisting of plant extracts, which protects the skin from the oxidative stress of UV rays. The stick has mineral oil in its base, as all stick sunscreens require mineral oil or plant oils to be spreadable. This formula includes only chemical filters, giving us very high protection of SPF 50+ and proportionately high anti-UVA protection. For me sunscreen sticks are, without a doubt, essential. I need to wash my hands after reapplying sunscreen, and it’s not always possible, especially in summer, when I reapply sunscreen more often than in any other season. I like sunscreens, but I can’t stand the feeling of oily substances on my palms. The updated Store tab in the Apple TV app unifies movies and TV shows into one offering, so users can more easily access everything available to buy or rent, and a new Add Channels & Apps shelf where users can explore popular streaming services.Īlso starting today, the iTunes Store app on iPhone and iPad, and the iTunes Movies and iTunes TV Shows apps on Apple TV 4K and Apple TV HD, will redirect users to the Apple TV app, where they can find their existing purchases and watch all of their favorite TV shows and movies in one place. On living room devices, the sidebar will also feature profiles, allowing households to quickly switch between users for better personalization in Up Next and content recommendations across the app. And collections - including New Shows & Movies, Top Charts, Trending, and For You - bring forward the best recommendations for viewers to enjoy across what’s new, popular, and tailored just for them. Apple experience that end users love and organizations trust. Within Home, the Channels & Apps section allows users to browse each of their subscribed channels or connected apps in depth. sparkle so AutoPkgr will always grab the latest version based on the sparkle feed. The new sidebar navigation also introduces Home, a unified guide for all the shows, movies, and sports viewers love. “With so much available to watch, our aim is to ensure users always have their favorites at their fingertips.” Download and use the app free of charge Remember to enter your email address when registering. Apple spotlights the top apps and games of 2023 on the App Store. “The redesigned Apple TV app makes it easier than ever for users to watch the shows, movies, and sports they love through an intuitive interface that brings content to the forefront,” said Eddy Cue, Apple’s senior vice president of Services. Sparkles Car Wash now offering unlimited monthly wash packages Use this app to manage your unlimited account, purchase washes and even provide washes to a family member or friend. The simplified interface’s new sidebar allows users to quickly navigate the app, providing easy access to Apple TV+, home of Apple Original series and films MLS Season Pass, home of Major League Soccer Store, where users can buy and rent popular movies and shortcuts to channels and apps viewers already have, such as Disney+, Paramount+, and Max. Today Apple unveiled a redesigned Apple TV app that makes it even easier for users to watch Apple’s award-winning original series and films, as well as live sports, movies, and television shows across their favorite Apple devices, smart TVs, streaming sticks, gaming consoles, and more. When your app is installed, the 'Get' button will turn into 'Open,' allowing you to launch. After selecting an app, on the app's dedicated page, choose 'Get' to download and install the app on your device. If your Fire TV Stick remote has a mic button, tap and hold it to search apps by voice. The intuitive new interface lets users more easily browse and watch Apple Original series and films, as well as live sports, movies, and more Then, type your app's name and select it on the list. Redesigned Apple TV app elevates the viewing experience Unless expected to be used in specific, pre-programmed fashions - and especially if they are meant to be summoned - a clockwork automaton has a green arcana focus installed to control their behaviors. self-defense), creating a nuisance for both the guild and would-be customers halls of archetypes are a Guildmaster's solution to the 'tragedy of the commons' with regards to magical conjuration, and, based on this rationale, are paid for by the Kingdom as a form of public utility. Winder's Guild Signet by BCGR_WurthThis is done because, barring halls of archetypes, summoners would be apt to accidentally calling forth others' personal servant automatons in moments of despiration (i.e. The Winder's Guild maintain more than one hall of archetypes, which are warehouse spaces stocked with pre-assembled clockwork automatons to be called forth on such an occasion. In the universe of Farforth, the term 'automaton' generally applies to self-propelled devices which are commonly deployed through the use of summoning magic. They are also distinguished from other semi-magical constructs (such as The Transmuter's children, the athropomorphized objects) in that they seldom incorporate any living tissues or spiritual animating force in their construction, though they may incorporate arcane power sources or sensory equipment. They are distinguished from other clockwork devices in the sense that they are often made to mimic organic systems in some form or another, such as being ambulatory or possessing a generally humanoid body plan. Clockwork automatons are a class of complex machines - constructed using many of the same engineering methods used in the construction of clocks and similiar devices - which can operate more or less independently from human input. This adapter is slightly different than many of the other adapter options and it might not work for every application but it works well for those who are looking for a locking connection adapter. The 30 amp male plug is then accessible so you can plug in an extension cord that would then connect to the 30 amp receptacle. The 50 amp locking side of the adapter or female end is made to lock into your camper or RV where your power cord would typically connect. If you are looking for a 30 amps dogbone adapter that is lockable, the XGGYA is a great option. ▶ SHOP RVGuard RV Plug Adapter XGGYA 30 AMP to 50 AMP RV Dogbone Power Adapter This 50 amp female to 30 amp male adapter works well but can make your setup stick out a little bit from the outlet. The reviews are great for this lightweight, compact adapter. This plug is best used for simple applications. This adapter comes in 30 to 50 AMP options and 50 to 30 AMP options. Some of the other adapters can be super bulky and take up a lot of space. The cost is under 10 dollars, and since it does not have a cord, it is super easy to store. ▶ SHOP Camco Heavy Duty 50 AMP to 30 AMP Adapter Best 30 Amp to 50 Amp Adapters RVguard RV Plug Adapterįor those looking for a low-cost and simple adapter, this RVGuard RV plug adapter is a great option. If you are looking for other similar adapters or extension cords for 50 or 30 AMP outlets, you can easily search their options in the link below. The Camco adapter has more than 16,000 reviews, 230 answered questions and 87 percent give their product a 5 star rating. Camco has been a household name in the recreational vehicle world for a while now, and its quality is fantastic. If you have an RV you are probably familiar with Camco. ▶ SHOP Kohree 50 AMP to 30 AMP Adapter Camco Heavy Duty 50 AMP Male 30 AMP Female Adapter If your plug is tired and goes in too easily or moves around while plugged in it might be time to purchase a new Kohree Adapter. After all you do want to make sure you get a good connection. The grip handle is a common adapter design that many people love since plugging in a 50 AMP plug can take some effort. The adapter comes in different sizes and configurations. It has over 8,500 reviews, with more than 85 percent of those being five-star reviews. The Kohree Adapter is one of the most highly-rated adapters you will find. ▶ SHOP Manshan 50 AMP to 30 AMP Adapter Kohree 50 Amp to 30 RV Adapter This adapter is perfect for connecting your 30 amp RV to 50 Amp power at campsites or marinas, allowing you to enjoy all of the comforts of home while on the road. It features a 3 prong design with 2 blade slots and one grounding slot. The copper wiring is very stable and of excellent quality. This plug is easy to grip, and it is 18 inches long. These adapters are great to have around in case you end up in a situation where your RV park does not have the same amperage hook-up as your RV. The Manshan 50 AMP to 30 AMP is a heavy-duty electrical power adapter and is for all your RVs that run off 30 amps. Best 50 Amp to 30 Amp Adapters Manshan 50 AMP to 30 AMP Adapter It is less than five minutes long and will make you feel more confident by knowing a little more about how the electrical system in your RV works. We would recommend watching it for educational purposes. You will have a max of 30 AMPs which is also a total of 3,600 Watts.Ī fantastic video that explains in detail the difference between a 30 Amp service and a 50 Amp service is below. However, if you have an RV that is set up for 50 AMPs and you use an adapter in order to plug into a 30 AMP outlet, you will have less available power. All it does is give you a different prong configuration so you can use the outlet. It is important to keep in mind that if you use an adapter for a 50 AMP service so you can plug in your 30 AMP RV cord, this does not give you more power. This is because the 50 AMP service uses two separate 120-volt leads and the 30 AMP service only uses one. The 30 amp RV plug will have 3 prongs, and the 50 amp will have 4 prongs. A simple explanation of the difference between the two is that the 30 AMP plug is capable of supplying much less power to your RV than a 50 AMP RV plug. There are two types of amperage connections typically used on an RV. At the same time, Paul, George and Ringo also recorded new parts and completed a rough mix for “Now And Then” with producer Jeff Lynne. In 1994, his wife, Yoko Ono Lennon, gave the recording to Paul, George and Ringo, along with John’s demos for “Free As A Bird” and “Real Love,” which were both completed as new Beatles songs and respectively released as singles in 19, as part of The Beatles Anthology project. The story of “Now And Then” begins in the late 1970s, when John recorded a demo with vocals and piano at his home in New York’s Dakota Building. Preorder/pre-save 70 (2023 Editions) HERE.īoth collections: digital streaming 2CD 180g 3LP black vinylīoth collections: limited edition Beatles Store-exclusives: 3LP colored vinyl (red for ‘Red’/blue for ‘Blue’) 4CD slipcased set 180g 6LP black vinyl slipcased set 6LP red + blue vinyl slipcased set The UK single version of “Love Me Do” now kicks off 1962-1966 (2023 Edition) and “Now And Then” is featured on 1967-1970 (2023 Edition) to complete the career-spanning collections. New 4CD and 180-gram 6LP vinyl collections pair ‘Red’ and ‘Blue’ in slipcased sets. Now, both collections’ tracklists have been expanded, with all the songs mixed in stereo and Dolby Atmos. Since their first incarnations appeared 50 years ago, these albums have introduced successive generations to The Beatles’ music. On November 10, The Beatles’ 1962-1966 (‘The Red Album’) and 1967-1970 (‘The Blue Album’) collections will be released in 2023 Edition packages by Apple Corps Ltd./Capitol/UMe. Limited edition Beatles Store-exclusives: cassette 7-inch blue & white marbled vinyl Preorder/pre-save “Now And Then”/“Love Me Do” double A-side single HERE.ĭigital streaming 7-inch + 12-inch black vinyl 7-inch colored vinyl (light blue, clear) Watch/embed the “Now And Then” short film trailer on The Beatles’ YouTube channel HERE. This poignant short film tells the story behind the last Beatles song, with exclusive footage and commentary from Paul, Ringo, George, Sean Ono Lennon and Peter Jackson. The film’s global online premiere will be hosted on The Beatles’ YouTube channel at 7:30pm GMT / 3:30pm EDT / 12:30pm PDT. More details including global premiere plans will be announced.Ī 12-minute “Now And Then – The Last Beatles Song” documentary film, written and directed by Oliver Murray, will debut on November 1. The new music video for “Now And Then” will debut on Friday, November 3. The double A-side single pairs the last Beatles song with the first: the band’s 1962 debut UK single, “Love Me Do,” a truly fitting full-circle counterpart to “Now And Then.” Both songs are mixed in stereo and Dolby Atmos ®, and the release features original cover art by renowned artist Ed Ruscha. “Now And Then” will be released worldwide at 2pm GMT / 10am EDT / 7am PDT on Thursday, November 2 by Apple Corps Ltd./Capitol/UMe. “Now And Then” is the last Beatles song – written and sung by John Lennon, developed and worked on by Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, and now finally finished by Paul and Ringo over four decades later. And now, 2023 brings one of the most anticipated releases of their long and endlessly eventful history. LONDON-( BUSINESS WIRE)-Together and apart, The Beatles have always had a talent for the unexpected. The worst case scenario is associated with a fast valve opening when a tiny air pocket exists in the pipeline. Results show the pipeline drainage mostly occurs due to backflow air intrusion. The effects of the air pocket size, the percentage and the time of valve opening on the pressure variation have been studied. Also, this research demonstrates the ability of a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model in the simulation of this event. This case has been studied experimentally and numerically in the current research considering objectives for a better understanding of: (i) the emptying process, (ii) the main parameters influencing the drainage, and (iii) the air-water interface deformation. Accordingly, some system malfunction and pipe buckling events have been reported in the literature. Keywords: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) Emptying process Entrapped air simulation Experimental set-up Realizable k-ϵ turbulence model Sub-atmospheric pressure Volume of fluid (VOF) multiphase modelĪbstract: The occurrence of sub-atmospheric pressure in the drainage of pipelines containing an air pocket has been known as a major cause of several serious problems. = (Mass of fluid displaced/density of fluid)/(Mass of fluid/ density of fluid).Author(s): Oscar Enrique Coronado-Hernandez Helena Margarida Ramos Vicente Samuel Fuertes-Miquel Maria Teresa Viseu Mohsen Besharat This could be rearranged by mass/density=volume, we can replace this into the equation likeįraction submerged = (Mass of object submerged/density of object)/(Mass of fluid/ density of object) However objects can remain partly submerged, this can be mathamatically described asįraction submerged = Volume of object submerged/ Total volume of object = Volume of fluid displaced/Total volume of object. Objects submerged displace the same volume of fluid as the fraction of the object submerged, for example a iron cube with a volume 1m^3 dropped into a container of water, the container of water will rise by a volume equal to 1m^3. Objects with a higher density than the density of the fluid they are submerged will sink.Objects with a lower density than the density of the fluid they are submerged will float.It is considered the speed of the fluid and how fast it is moving through space and defined as "v".Īrchimedes' principle īuoyancy is the force of an object submerged in a fluid, Velocity is defined as Distance per Time, or in SI m/s.In this article density is defined with a "D". Density is dependent on the material used and each material at some tempature will have a defined density. All materials have density and generally for most materials as tempature increases density decreases. Unlike all other units in this article is dependent on tempature. Density is defined as the Mass per unit Volume, or in SI kg/m^3.Pressure can be viewed on how much fluids are pressed to move in a direction, when pressure is applied to a fluid it experiences displacement and in this artcle pressure will be defined with a "p". Pressure is defined as the Force per unit Area, this article will use SI units with units of Force in Newtons (kg*m/s^2) and Area (m^2) as pressure is in N/m^2 equal to 1 Pascal.In some mediums allowing them to disperse. Fluid atoms or molecules are able to freely or semi-freely float This contrasts with solids which are rigid and can only shear for deformation. Liquids and gases are considered fluids as they are able to be Physical objects are made out of atoms, and in most circumstances are in one of three states solid, liquid, or gas. The solution to a fluid dynamics problem typically involves the calculation of various properties of the fluid, such as velocity, pressure, density, and temperature, as functions of space and time. Some of its principles are even used in traffic engineering, where traffic is treated as a continuous fluid.įluid dynamics offers a mathematical structure that underlies these practical disciplines and that embraces empirical and semi-empirical laws, derived from flow measurement, used to solve practical problems. Fluid dynamics has a wide range of applications, including calculating forces and moments on aircraft, determining the mass flow rate of petroleum through pipelines, predicting weather patterns, and reportedly modeling fission weapon detonation. 2.2 Fluid element moving in the ow eldillustration for the substantial derivative At time t 1, the uid element is located at point 1 in Fig. It has several subdisciplines itself, including aerodynamics (the study of gases in motion) and hydrodynamics (the study of liquids in motion). 2 Governing Equations of Fluid Dynamics 19 Fig. Fluid dynamics is the sub-discipline of fluid mechanics dealing with fluids (liquids and gases) in motion. mov video files, but Mac OS X has QuickTime Player built in, so you can simply play. Like so many of the other formats on this list, VLC can play. The free video player VLC can handle Ogg video files – see the entry for 3GP files, above, for more explanation of how to download and use VLC. How to play Ogg format video files on a Mac Pavtube MXF Converter a trial version of the Mac version is available. MXF stands for Material Exchange Format, and you’ll need to convert MXF format video to AVI before playing it with the VLC software. How to play MXF format video files on a Mac The free video player VLC can handle MP4 and other MPEG video files – see the entry for 3GP files, above, for more explanation of how to download and use VLC. The command line programs h264enc and h264dec will appear in the main project directory.Ī shell script to run the command-line apps is in testbin/CmdLineExample.How to handle MP4 and MPEG format video files on a Mac make DEBUGSYMBOLS=True for two libraries, one is normal libraries, another one is removed the debugging symbol table entries (those created by the -g option).make V=No for a silent build (not showing the actual compiler commands). make ARCH=arm64 for arm64 Mac 64-bit builds.
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